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| Sample Description |
Pressure [psi] |
#Pass |
Results & Comments |
Meningicoccal cell paste
(4%) in buffer |
1,000 |
1 |
Cooling used to maintain 10℃ temperature. Complete rupture achieved in one pass.
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| Mammalian cells |
2,000 |
1 |
Complete rupture of cells and easy seperation of parasite within the cell achieved in one pass on laboratory model HC-5000
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| E. coli (1-10%) in buffer
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6,000 |
3 |
90% rupture achieved. Results scaled linearly from lab to production.
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| 10,000 |
1 |
90% rupture achieved.
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| 1,000 |
3 |
90% rupture achieved.
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| Baker's yeast |
20,000 |
10 |
Cooling used. 95% rupture of yeast cells achieved.
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Brewer's yeast (10%)
in water |
10,000 |
1 to 10 |
Cooling used. 95% rupture of yeast cells achieved.
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| 20,000 |
1 to 10 |
71% rupture at 1 pass and 98% in 10 passes. Yield of enzyme significantly better than that acheived with other processing techniques including French press. |
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| 크기 ; L×W×H (cm) |
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| Sample Description |
Pressure [psi] |
#Pass |
Results & Comments |
Veterinary vaccine 25%
W/O vaccine with
inactivated bacteria |
1,000 |
1 |
All particles < 1.0 microns-Average particle size: 0.1㎛ -Antigen efficacy increase 5-10 times |
Vaccine adjuvant for influenza virus vaccineTetronic 1501 2.5% Squalane 5.0%
Tween 800.2% P.B.S. q.s. |
10,000 |
2 to 10 |
Particle size: all < 0.3㎛Patented adjuvant. |
| Liposomes encapsulatinga dye maker for diagnostictests. |
4,000 |
1 |
0.3-0.4㎛ liposomesDistribution tightened.Mat'l run at 45℃. Above results considered success since tight size control required to produce a reliable diagnostic test kit. |
| 4,000 |
4 |
| 20% Soy LecithinLiposomes |
5,000 |
1 |
Particle size: 0.118㎛ |
| 10,000 |
1 |
Particle size: 0.101㎛ |
| 15,000 |
1 |
Particle size: 0.091㎛ |
Incomplete Freud's Adjuvant (W/O emulsion)
Lt mineral oil 72.0%
Arlacel A 8.0%
D.I. Water 19.2%
Tween80 0.8% |
200 |
1 |
Particle size: most 1-3㎛,some 2-4㎛, very few at 5㎛No coalescence of water droplets seen after several weeks of stability testing. |
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| Sample Description |
Pressure [psi] |
#Pass |
Results & Comments |
| Peanut Butter |
3,000 |
3 |
Heated sample to 85-90F.Particle size reduced from 5-50㎛ to a good distribution at 20㎛ Smooth creamy product resulted. |
| Non-dairy chocolate base |
5,000 |
1 to 3 |
Heated sample to 125-150F.Sample did not separate on standing. Sample was also noticeably thicker. Desired stability and viscosity achieved |
Non-fat ice cream
Proprietary formulation |
18,200 |
1 |
Particle size data:-Start: 0.42㎛+/- 47%-1 pass: 0.23㎛+/- 27%Mouthfeel was noticeable smoother and creamier. |
| Starch powder in water |
7,000 |
1 |
Material started as grainy dispersion and became smooth and semi-translucent after one pass. Marked viscosity increase from starting mat'l being like a thin batter and the processed mat'l similar to toothpaste in consistency. |
Orange oil in gum arabic
for spray drying |
11,000 |
1 |
Starting particle size: 3.87㎛ Processed particle size: 0.90㎛ 100% retention of feed oil as opposed to 95 % retention for all other competitive equipment. Smaller particles yielded dried powders w/less extractable surface oil. Increase stability. |
| Ketchup |
2,000 |
1 |
Improved tomato cell rupture resulted in smoother, more homogenous ketchup. Small, experimental batches for R&D work are now possible |
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| Sample Description |
Pressure [psi] |
#Pass |
Results & Comments |
| Enteral feeding emulsion Dairy based |
10,000 |
3 |
Heated to 60℃ for processing then was cooled to 45℃ on outlet.Particle size reduced from 0.91㎛ to 0.13㎛ Viscosity decrease.Perceived as successful test. Survived canning (post-sterilization) step |
| with vitamins Filtered whey protein |
5,000 |
1&3 |
Particle size reduced to 10㎛ in 1 pass and between 2 to 5㎛ in 3 passes. |
| Cheese slurry, 10% solids |
10,000 |
1 |
Particle size reduced from 100㎛ down to 30㎛Particle size reduced to 10㎛ with large quantity of backround smaller particles. |
| 10,000 |
3 |
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| Sample Description |
Pressure [psi] |
#Pass |
Results & Comments |
| 25% black iron oxide in deionized water for mascara pigment |
10,000 |
1 |
Grape bunches" of 10+ particulates were dispersed to primary particles. Results considered successful. |
| Fragrance encapsulation 10% fragrance 8% polymer 2% surfactant q.s. water |
10,000 |
1 |
Desired 0.6㎛ Achieved 0.2㎛Exceptional results. Polymer encapsulates the fragrance at the droplet interface. |
| Bentonite clay dispersion (5%) in isopropyl Palmitate |
10,000 |
1 |
Watery dispersion transformed to thick gel after processing. Clay platelets sheared apart to impart viscosity. |
Dermasome?
formulations Proprietary liposome products encapsulating known cosmetic ingredients, manufactured and distributed by Microfluidics Corporation. |
5,000 to 10,000 |
1 to 3 |
Processed particle size < 0.2㎛Ingredients encapsulated include:Tissue Respiratory Factors
Superoxide Dismutase
Squalane
Urea
Aloe Vera Gel
Panthenol
Allantoin
Tocopheryl Acetate
Retinyl Palmitate
Mucopolysaccharides
Evening Primrose Oil
Sodium Hyaluronate
Royal Jelly
Spleen Extract
Thymus Extract
Soluble Collagen |
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| Sample Description |
Pressure [psi] |
#Pass |
Results & Comments |
| Lead zirconia Proprietary formulation |
1000 |
1 |
2.5-5㎛ particlesFreefloating primary particles |
| 10000 |
3 |
Green mica 7% Aqueous q.s.
White mica 11%Aqueous q.s. |
6000 |
2 |
Particle size reduced from 60 to 21.6㎛ Particle size reduced from 45㎛ to 15.8㎛ Pre-dispersion step required for both samples. Large single chamber required to prevent plugs. Microfluidizer replaced sonolator that wore out every two days at a $400 repair cost |
| 6000 |
1 |
| Coarse mica 30% Aqueous q.s. |
10000 |
2 |
Small flakes, uniform dispersion. Multiple passes required. |
| Bentonite clay 5% Aqueous q.s. |
9000 |
2 |
Original particle size: 0.717㎛ -Particle size, 1 pass: 0.358㎛ -Particle size, 2 passes: 0.289㎛ |
Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate 51%
DTDA 1.35% Citric Acid
0.65% Water q.s. |
3000 |
1 |
Particle size: 5㎛ Particle size: 3.45㎛ Subsequent testing showed optimal pressure to be 4000psi, 1 pass |
5600 |
1 |
72.1% limestone slurry in water |
10000 |
1 |
Original particle size of 2.5㎛with agglomerates up to 25㎛ALL agglomerates eliminated. Primary particle size achieved. |
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| Sample Description |
Pressure [psi] |
#Pass |
Results & Comments |
Fe304 41.1% THF 57.5%
Soy lecithin q.s. |
13000 |
3 |
Sample thickened to mayonnaise consistency. Much smoother. |
| Fe/Fe203 40% Cyclohexane&resin binder q.s. |
1000 |
1 |
Required higher pressure occasionally to unplug interaction chamber.Agglomerate size reduced and magnetism retained. Cooling coil required. |
| 10000 |
4 |
| Fe 10% Water q.s. |
10000 |
3 |
First pass broke up all of the agglomerates.Subsequent passes rendered the snake-like filaments smaller. |
| Iron oxide, unmilled |
7000 |
2 |
Needed pre-dispersion pass. Mat'l smoother and had less agglomerates. |
| Iron oxide 30% |
10000 |
1 |
All primary particles, no agglomerates. Pilot scale operation. Over 350 hours continuous operation without shutdown. |
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